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Integrated technology for environmentally safe residual plastic waste and sewage sludge disposal
Kadlecová, Petra ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
The existing methods of sewage sludge and non-recyclable plastic waste management turn out to be unsatisfactory in long terms. Landfilling of the high-calorific-value wastes will be lim-ited in near future and the potential soil contamination by some of the sewage sludge contents led to several legislation changes in the field of using the sewage slugde in agriculture. The presented thesis aims to find an integrated solution for sewage sludge and plastic waste with a focus on the possibility of phosphorus recovery from the resulting ash. Based on the study of the available separate solutions and relevant legislative regulations, three variants of possible integration were proposed. Subsequently, the basic energy and material balance of these vari-ants were performed using W2E software.
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The ocean cleaning technology concepts
Jedličková, Kateřina ; Kropáč, Jiří (referee) ; Gregor, Jiří (advisor)
The main aim of this master's thesis is the world ocean pollution by plastic waste. The introductory part of the thesis contains general information about the production of plastics and plastic waste, followed by data on ocean pollution by plastic waste including the estimated amount, pollution sources, and composition. Part of the thesis consists of the introduction of known concepts that are already actively looking for a solution to marine waste and of their mutual comparison. The following part deals with the plastic waste management, the possibilities of its treatment and utilization. The last area is the draft of an alternative system that is focused on an effective solution in accordance with environmental aspects. Within this draft, a material and economic balance is made.
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Post-consumer packaging waste production
Pálešová, Lenka ; Gregor, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis covers waste and packaging legislation of Czech and Slovak Republic. It focuses mainly on the latest changes in area of plastic packaging and on the implementation of European directives. Furthermore, it compares authorized packaging companies, that perform extended producers´ responsibilities in both countries, and explains the principles of eco modulation. The work itself is linked with project announced by Centrum of environmental research for waste management and circular economy and is supplemented by practical part, which consists of various phases: analysis of waste production at home and in the field, preparation of document materials and processing the data obtained from analysis.
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Production of crusher on the plastic waste
Květoun, Jan ; Kandus, Bohumil (referee) ; Žák, Ladislav (advisor)
This thesis is focused on designing and manufacturing a shredder for plastic waste 2H for small companies, households and blocks of flats. Thesis contains brief description of plastics, their properties and usage in praxis. It deals with excessive production of plastic, noncircular economy of waste and unsatisfactory processing of plastic waste. There are examples of collecting, sorting and recycling technologies and their application in praxis. It consists of current overview of shredders available on Czech and Slovak market and their comparison. Practical part of this thesis focuses on design itself, its components, parameters and economic issues of manufacturing. Annex contains 3D model of shredder assembly, bought components overview, assembly drawings and photo documentation of created shredder.
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Návrh nábytkového prvku s využitím recyklovaného plastu
Obůrková, Pavla
The diploma thesis deals with the innovation of recycled plastic. With increasing production and consumption of plastics, awareness of their recycling also increases, which is causing discussion in the society. The aim of this thesis is to design and ma-nufacture an interior product using recycled plastic. The theoretical part is devoted to issues related to plastics, recycling technology, sustainability and the circular econo-my. It also illustrates the use of plastic and sustainable materials in product design. The thesis includes individual tests on selected types of recycled plastic focused on surface resistance. The project part deals with the comprehensive solution of a piece of furniture from development, across materials and procedures used, to the production itself.
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An analysis of the new importers of plastic waste after China's ban on imports in 2017
Wilson, Susann ; Tesař, Jakub (advisor) ; Karlas, Jan (referee)
This thesis research how the global trade of plastic waste has been relocated in the aftermath of China's ban on plastic waste imports in 2017. In recent decades, the burgeoning demand for plastics has fostered a marked upsurge in the global trade of plastic waste. Researchers has established that developed nations are often the source of plastic waste exports, while developing and underdeveloped nations are the primary destinations, resulting in the imposition of significant environmental burdens upon these nations. This phenomenon has triggered an environmental justice discourse, highlighting the unequal distribution of social and environmental costs. The implementation of China's waste import restrictions has led to an altered trade landscape, with mainly South-Asian countries emerging as significant importers of large quantities of plastic waste. This thesis looks at how this trade landscape has changed and finds that the new major importer of plastic waste is South-Asian developing countries. Moreover, the work undergone in this thesis aims at filling in the scholarly gap when it comes to the explanatory reasons behind new importers motivations towards plastic waste imports. By developing and running multiple regression analysis this thesis finds that there are some statistically significant...
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Design of a new production line
Hejl, Martin ; Jurová, Marie (referee) ; Juřica, Pavel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the project of implementing a production line in a selected company dealing with the recycling of plastic waste and the production of rPET flakes as a secondary raw material for the production of plastic products. First, it deals with the description of the current state and the production process in the company, including the layout of the equipment, and then defines the requirements for the project by the management of the company and individual shareholders of the company. Defining the requirements for the project and at the same time the method of obtaining key information took place on the basis of in-depth interviews with the interested parties of this project, while a pilot design of the layout of the machinery was created, including a description of the technology and a flowchart of the required production process. The main content of the design part is the creation of a proposal for a possible implementation of the production line using a network diagram using the PERT method, which indicates that the duration of the project was calculated to be 106.6 days. Together with the network diagram of the project, an analysis and proposals for managing the risks of this project were prepared. At the end of the draft chapter, a financial analysis of the project's payback period was carried out, as the condition of a payback period of 3-5 years must be met in order for the project to be approved by the shareholders, which this project fulfilled in all three expected progress scenarios.
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New methods of separation and processing of food waste in disposable packaging
Pokorný, Tomáš ; Innemanová, Petra (advisor) ; Šereš, Michal (referee)
Waste in general and plastic in particular is a big problem nowadays. The Czech Republic ranks among the winners in the sorting of plastic waste, but not all sorted waste is further used. According to the Plastics Europe portal (2022), the most used method of handling plastic waste in Europe is energy recovery, followed by recycling. It is precisely the increased share of recycling that would better correspond to the principles of the circular economy, which is why in my work I dealt with a new method of separation and processing of food waste in disposable packaging and the subsequent assessment of the usability of the separated plastics. Currently, the used method is waste crushing, separation of the biological component and its energy use in a biogas station. In the theoretical part of my bachelor's thesis, I focused on the general characteristics of vermicomposting, packaging, recycling, plastic waste, and last but not least, I describe the methods of handling bio-waste in supermarkets. Part of the work was an experiment that verified the potential of a newly designed method of separating biowaste and plastic disposable packaging using earthworms on a pilot scale. The experiment was based on the assumption that the earthworms used would be able to transform food waste in disposable packaging...
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Post-consumer packaging waste production
Pálešová, Lenka ; Gregor, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis covers waste and packaging legislation of Czech and Slovak Republic. It focuses mainly on the latest changes in area of plastic packaging and on the implementation of European directives. Furthermore, it compares authorized packaging companies, that perform extended producers´ responsibilities in both countries, and explains the principles of eco modulation. The work itself is linked with project announced by Centrum of environmental research for waste management and circular economy and is supplemented by practical part, which consists of various phases: analysis of waste production at home and in the field, preparation of document materials and processing the data obtained from analysis.
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Integrated technology for environmentally safe residual plastic waste and sewage sludge disposal
Kadlecová, Petra ; Jecha, David (referee) ; Brummer, Vladimír (advisor)
The existing methods of sewage sludge and non-recyclable plastic waste management turn out to be unsatisfactory in long terms. Landfilling of the high-calorific-value wastes will be lim-ited in near future and the potential soil contamination by some of the sewage sludge contents led to several legislation changes in the field of using the sewage slugde in agriculture. The presented thesis aims to find an integrated solution for sewage sludge and plastic waste with a focus on the possibility of phosphorus recovery from the resulting ash. Based on the study of the available separate solutions and relevant legislative regulations, three variants of possible integration were proposed. Subsequently, the basic energy and material balance of these vari-ants were performed using W2E software.
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